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Mounty leggings4/8/2023 ![]() However, with the discovery of gold in the Klondike, the NWMP was redeployed to protect Canada's sovereignty over the region and to manage the influx of prospectors. The living conditions of the NWMP on the prairies were spartan and often uncomfortable, and only slowly improved over the course of the century.īy 1896, the government planned to pass policing responsibilities to the provinces and ultimately disband the NWMP. Over the next few years, the NWMP established a wide network of forts, posts and patrols and extended Canadian law across the region. Their ill-planned and arduous journey of nearly 900 miles (1,400 km) became known as the March West and was portrayed as an epic journey of endurance. In 1874, the NWMP were deployed to the area of the present Alberta border. Macdonald's greatest fear was that if the Americans occupied the NWT that they would not leave and the region would be annexed to the United States. Macdonald's principal fear was that the activities of American traders such as the Cypress Hills Massacre would lead to the First Nations peoples killing the American traders, which would lead to the United States military being deployed into the NWT to protect the lives of American citizens under the grounds that Canada was unable to maintain law and order in the region. Macdonald envisioned the police force as a para-military force, writing that the "best force would be mounted riflemen, trained to act as cavalry. ![]() The NWMP was established by the Canadian government during the ministry of Prime Minister Sir John Macdonald who defined its purpose as "the preservation of peace and the prevention of crime" in the vast NWT. ![]() The NWMP uniforms included red coats deliberately reminiscent of British and Canadian military uniforms. A small, mobile police force was chosen to reduce potential for tensions with the United States and First Nations. The NWMP combined military, police and judicial functions along similar lines to the Royal Irish Constabulary. The North-West Mounted Police ( NWMP) was a Canadian para-military police force, established in 1873, to maintain order in the new Canadian North-West Territories (NWT) following the 1870 transfer of Rupert’s Land and North-Western Territory to Canada from the Hudson’s Bay Company, the Red River Rebellion and in response to lawlessness, demonstrated by the subsequent Cypress Hills Massacre and fears of United States military intervention. North-West Mounted Police officers, Fort Walsh, 1878 Commissioner James Macleod sat centre
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